<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>https://eln.excellgen.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Gene_Synthesis_by_PCR</id>
	<title>Gene Synthesis by PCR - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://eln.excellgen.com/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Gene_Synthesis_by_PCR"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://eln.excellgen.com/index.php?title=Gene_Synthesis_by_PCR&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-10-18T02:14:33Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.44.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://eln.excellgen.com/index.php?title=Gene_Synthesis_by_PCR&amp;diff=14660&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Paul.xu at 19:57, 24 March 2016</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://eln.excellgen.com/index.php?title=Gene_Synthesis_by_PCR&amp;diff=14660&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2016-03-24T19:57:59Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Gene Synthesis by PCR using oligo as template ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Oligo design ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
analyse DNA sequence using [http://tools.neb.com/NEBcutter2 http://tools.neb.com/NEBcutter2]. Select a pair of common restriction enzymes, such as BamH1, EcoR1, Xho1. Add enzyme sequences to both ends. Add 6 nt before 5&amp;#039; and after 3&amp;#039; end.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Use a cloning vector such pET28, pET30, pCDNA3.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Design 55mer to 60mer oligos with 15~20 nt sequence overlap, Tm: ~55 oC.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Software: [http://helixweb.nih.gov/dnaworks/ http://helixweb.nih.gov/dnaworks/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
select the least mismatch, lowest score, and the length of the first primer and the last primer is not too much different.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
copy oligos to text editor, remove numbers, copy oligos to oligo order spreadsheet.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Preparation of Oligo Solution ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
for 96 well plates:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. add TE to each well to make 100 uM, for example, add 132 ul TE to the well with 13.2 nmole oligo. This is 100 uM stock&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. let the plate sit on bench for 15 min.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3, add 90 ul of ddH2O to another plate, transfer 10 ul from from 100 uM stock, mix. This is 10 uM stock. Take out 1 ul from each well for gene synthsis mix. For PCR primer take out 15~20 ul from the well.&amp;amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. Label the plate with freeze-resistant lable. stock inside -20 oC freezer.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Store the 100 uM stock plate inside -80 oC freezer&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
if you need to use more oligo solutions, take the 10 uM plate out and thaw the solution at room templature or inside a 37 oC incubater oven.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== 1st round PCR ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
~ 12 oligos for each ~500 bp block&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mix 10 to 24 of oligos: take 1 ul of 10 uM oligo from each tube, put them in one tube.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
if the number of oligos is &amp;lt;10, add water to 10 ul.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Take 0.5 or 1 ul of oligo mixture for 25 ul PCR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;PCR&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1 ul of 10 uM outer oligos for 25 ul PCR, 1 ul 10 uM dNTP&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1 Units of&amp;amp;nbsp; Phusion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2 min at 95 oC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
10 cycles:&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;30 s at 95 oC&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;30 s at 55 oC&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1 min at 72 oC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1 Step Gene synthesis for &amp;lt; 800 bp: continue another 15 cycles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== 2nd round PCR (for &amp;gt;800bp) ===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1~2 ul of&amp;amp;nbsp; 1st round PCR&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1 ul of 10 uM outer oligos for 25 ul PCR.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
94 oC for 2 min, then add 1 U &amp;#039;&amp;#039;of&amp;#039;&amp;#039; Phusion.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
then 25 cycles:&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;94 oC for 30 s&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;55 oC for 30 s&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;72 oC for&amp;amp;nbsp; &amp;lt;4 kb gene, 1kb/min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
or 68 oC&amp;amp;nbsp; for &amp;gt;4 kb gene, 1 kb/ 2 min.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
final: 72 oc for 5 min&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Run agarose gel, cut out band and purify using spin column, digest with restriction enzymes, ligate to a cloning vector, transform Top10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Verify gene synthesis product by restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Protocol 2 ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Design sequence using Invitrogen&amp;#039;s gene synthsis (GeneArt) web software&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Sign up an account, and do codon optimization for free&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Alternatively, design gene sequence using IDT&amp;#039;s web site, [https://www.idtdna.com/pages/products/genes/custom-gene-synthesis https://www.idtdna.com/pages/products/genes/custom-gene-synthesis], it is also free&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Design 500 to 800 bp fragments for oligo synthsis, for example Taq Ploymerase can be made by gene synthesis of 4 PCR fragments&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/155128 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/155128]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
atgaggggga tgctgcccct ctttgagccc aagggccggg tcctcctggt ggacggccac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;181 cacctggcct accgcacctt ccacgccctg aagggcctca ccaccagccg gggggagccg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;241 gtgcaggcgg tctacggctt cgccaagagc ctcctcaagg ccctcaagga ggacggggac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;301 gcggtgatcg tggtctttga cgccaaggcc ccctccttcc gccacgaggc ctacgggggg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;361 tacaaggcgg gccgggcccc cacgccggag gactttcccc ggcaactcgc cctcatcaag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;421 gagctggtgg acctcctggg gctggcgcgc ctcgaggtcc cgggctacga ggcggacgac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;481 gtcctggcca gcctggccaa gaaggcggaa aaggagggct acgaggtccg catcctcacc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;541 gccgacaaag acctttacca gctcctttcc gaccgcatcc acgtcctcca ccccgagggg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;601 tacctcatca ccccggcctg gctttgggaa aagtacggcc tgaggcccga ccagtgggcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;661 gactaccggg ccctgaccgg ggacgagtcc gacaaccttc ccggggtcaa gggcatcggg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;721 gagaagacgg cgaggaagct tctggaggag tgggggagcc tggaagccct cctcaagaac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;781 ctggaccggc tgaagcccgc catccgggag aagatcctgg cccacatgga cgatctgaag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;841 ctctcctggg acctggccaa ggtgcgcacc gacctgcccc tggaggtgga cttcgccaaa&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;901 aggcgggagc ccgaccggga gaggcttagg gcctttctgg agaggcttga gtttggcagc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;961 ctcctccacg agttcggcct tctggaaagc cccaaggccc tggaggaggc cccctggccc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1021 ccgccggaag gggccttcgt gggctttgtg ctttcccgca aggagcccat gtgggccgat&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1081 cttctggccc tggccgccgc cagggggggc cgggtccacc gggcccccga gccttataaa&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1141 gccctcaggg acctgaagga ggcgcggggg cttctcgcca aagacctgag cgttctggcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1201 ctgagggaag gccttggcct cccgcccggc gacgacccca tgctcctcgc ctacctcctg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1261 gacccttcca acaccacccc cgagggggtg gcccggcgct acggcgggga gtggacggag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1321 gaggcggggg agcgggccgc cctttccgag aggctcttcg ccaacctgtg ggggaggctt&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1381 gagggggagg agaggctcct ttggctttac cgggaggtgg agaggcccct ttccgctgtc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1441 ctggcccaca tggaggccac gggggtgcgc ctggacgtgg cctatctcag ggccttgtcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1501 ctggaggtgg ccgaggagat cgcccgcctc gaggccgagg tcttccgcct ggccggccac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1561 cccttcaacc tcaactcccg ggaccagctg gaaagggtcc tctttgacga gctagggctt&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1621 cccgccatcg gcaagacgga gaagaccggc aagcgctcca ccagcgccgc cgtcctggag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1681 gccctccgcg aggcccaccc catcgtggag aagatcctgc agtaccggga gctcaccaag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1741 ctgaagagca cctacattga ccccttgccg gacctcatcc accccaggac gggccgcctc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1801 cacacccgct tcaaccagac ggccacggcc acgggcaggc taagtagctc cgatcccaac&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1861 ctccagaaca tccccgtccg caccccgctt gggcagagga tccgccgggc cttcatcgcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1921 gaggaggggt ggctattggt ggccctggac tatagccaga tagagctcag ggtgctggcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1981 cacctctccg gcgacgagaa cctgatccgg gtcttccagg aggggcggga catccacacg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2041 gagaccgcca gctggatgtt cggcgtcccc cgggaggccg tggaccccct gatgcgccgg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2101 gcggccaaga ccatcaactt cggggtcctc tacggcatgt cggcccaccg cctctcccag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2161 gagctagcca tcccttacga ggaggcccag gccttcattg agcgctactt tcagagcttc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2221 cccaaggtgc gggcctggat tgagaagacc ctggaggagg gcaggaggcg ggggtacgtg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2281 gagaccctct tcggccgccg ccgctacgtg ccagacctag aggcccgggt gaagagcgtg&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2341 cgggaggcgg ccgagcgcat ggccttcaac atgcccgtcc agggcaccgc cgccgacctc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2401 atgaagctgg ctatggtgaa gctcttcccc aggctggagg aaatgggggc caggatgctc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2461 cttcaggtcc acgacgagct ggtcctcgag gccccaaaag agagggcgga ggccgtggcc&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2521 cggctggcca aggaggtcat ggagggggtg tatcccctgg ccgtgcccct ggaggtggag&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;2581 gtggggatag gggaggactg gctctccgcc aaggagtga&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nde1&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;CATATG&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
ATGAGGGGGATGCTGCCCCTCTTTGAGCCCAAGGGCCGGGTCCTCCTGGTGGACGGCCACCACCTGGCCTACCGCACCTTCCACGCCCTGAAGGGCCTCACCACCAGCCGGGGGGAGCCGGTGCAGGCGGTCTACGGCTTCGCCAAGAGCCTCCTCAAGGCCCTCAAGGAGGACGGGGACGCGGTGATCGTGGTCTTTGACGCCAAGGCCCCCTCCTTCCGCCACGAGGCCTACGGGGGGTACAAGGCGGGCCGGGCCCCCACGCCGGAGGACTTTCCCCGGCAACTCGCCCTCATCAAGGAGCTGGTGGACCTCCTGGGGCTGGCGCGCCTCGAGGTCCCGGGCTACGAGGCGGACGACGTCCTGGCCAGCCTGGCCAAGAAGGCGGAAAAGGAGGGCTACGAGGTCCGCATCCTCACCGCCGACAAAGACCTTTACCAGCTCCTTTCCGACCGCATCCACGTCCTCCACCCCGAGGGGTACCTCATCACCCCGGCCTGGCTTTGGGAAAAGTACGGCCTGAGGCCCGACCAGTGGGCCGACTACCGGGCCCTGACCGGGGACGAGTCCGACAACCTTCCCGGGGTCAAGGGCATCGGGGAGAAGACGGCGAGGAAGCTTCTGGAGGAG&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(GGAGAAGACGGCGAGGAAGCTTCTGGAGGAG)TGGGGGAGCCTGGAAGCCCTCCTCAAGAACCTGGACCGGCTGAAGCCCGCCATCCGGGAGAAGATCCTGGCCCACATGGACGATCTGAAGCTCTCCTGGGACCTGGCCAAGGTGCGCACCGACCTGCCCCTGGAGGTGGACTTCGCCAAAAGGCGGGAGCCCGACCGGGAGAGGCTTAGGGCCTTTCTGGAGAGGCTTGAGTTTGGCAGCCTCCTCCACGAGTTCGGCCTTCTGGAAAGCCCCAAGGCCCTGGAGGAGGCCCCCTGGCCCCCGCCGGAAGGGGCCTTCGTGGGCTTTGTGCTTTCCCGCAAGGAGCCCATGTGGGCCGATCTTCTGGCCCTGGCCGCCGCCAGGGGGGGCCGGGTCCACCGGGCCCCCGAGCCTTATAAAGCCCTCAGGGACCTGAAGGAGGCGCGGGGGCTTCTCGCCAAAGACCTGAGCGTTCTGGCCCTGAGGGAAGGCCTTGGCCTCCCGCCCGGCGACGACCCCATGCTCCTCGCCTACCTCCTGGACCCTTCCAACACCACCCCCGAGGGGGTGGCCCGGCGCTACGGCGGGGAGTGGACGGAGGAGGCGGGGGAGCGGGCCGCCCTTTCCGAGAGGCTCTTCGCCAACCTGTGGGGGAGGCTTG&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(GAGAGGCTCTTCGCCAACCTGTGGGGGAGGCTTG)AGGGGGAGGAGAGGCTCCTTTGGCTTTACCGGGAGGTGGAGAGGCCCCTTTCCGCTGTCCTGGCCCACATGGAGGCCACGGGGGTGCGCCTGGACGTGGCCTATCTCAGGGCCTTGTCCCTGGAGGTGGCCGAGGAGATCGCCCGCCTCGAGGCCGAGGTCTTCCGCCTGGCCGGCCACCCCTTCAACCTCAACTCCCGGGACCAGCTGGAAAGGGTCCTCTTTGACGAGCTAGGGCTTCCCGCCATCGGCAAGACGGAGAAGACCGGCAAGCGCTCCACCAGCGCCGCCGTCCTGGAGGCCCTCCGCGAGGCCCACCCCATCGTGGAGAAGATCCTGCAGTACCGGGAGCTCACCAAGCTGAAGAGCACCTACATTGACCCCTTGCCGGACCTCATCCACCCCAGGACGGGCCGCCTCCACACCCGCTTCAACCAGACGGCCACGGCCACGGGCAGGCTAAGTAGCTCCGATCCCAACCTCCAGAACATCCCCGTCCGCACCCCGCTTGGGCAGAGGATCCGCCGGGCCTTCATCGCCGAGGAGGGGTGGCTATTGGTGGCCCTGGACTATAGCCAGATAGAGCTCAGGGTGCTGGCCCACCTCTCCGGCGACGAGAACCTGATCCGGGTC&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;(CCTCTCCGGCGACGAGAACCTGATCCGGGTC)TTCCAGGAGGGGCGGGACATCCACACGGAGACCGCCAGCTGGATGTTCGGCGTCCCCCGGGAGGCCGTGGACCCCCTGATGCGCCGGGCGGCCAAGACCATCAACTTCGGGGTCCTCTACGGCATGTCGGCCCACCGCCTCTCCCAGGAGCTAGCCATCCCTTACGAGGAGGCCCAGGCCTTCATTGAGCGCTACTTTCAGAGCTTCCCCAAGGTGCGGGCCTGGATTGAGAAGACCCTGGAGGAGGGCAGGAGGCGGGGGTACGTGGAGACCCTCTTCGGCCGCCGCCGCTACGTGCCAGACCTAGAGGCCCGGGTGAAGAGCGTGCGGGAGGCGGCCGAGCGCATGGCCTTCAACATGCCCGTCCAGGGCACCGCCGCCGACCTCATGAAGCTGGCTATGGTGAAGCTCTTCCCCAGGCTGGAGGAAATGGGGGCCAGGATGCTCCTTCAGGTCCACGACGAGCTGGTCCTCGAGGCCCCAAAAGAGAGGGCGGAGGCCGTGGCCCGGCTGGCCAAGGAGGTCATGGAGGGGGTGTATCCCCTGGCCGTGCCCCTGGAGGTGGAGGTGGGGATAGGGGAGGACTGGCTCTCCGCCAAGGAGTGA&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Sal1&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;GTCGAC&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. Design Oligos for each fragment using NIH DNAWorks software [http://helixweb.nih.gov/dnaworks/ http://helixweb.nih.gov/dnaworks/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Copy and paste DNA sequence to the website, use 50 to 60 nt, do not need to change any other parameters&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Select the oligo design (TRIAL) with the lowest Score (with as few # of misprime as possible).&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Make sure there are 30 nt overlaps between each PCR fragment.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Order oligos from IDT (on plate, should be 8 cents per base).&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. Make oligo stock solution and mixture&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Mix: take 1 ul from each 10 uM oligo stock in water.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Template generation PCR: 5 cycles using Phusion hot start DNA polymerase or Kapa HiFi&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;0.5 ul oligo mix&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;0.5 ul polymerase enzyme&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;5 ul of 10X buffer&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;1 ul of 10 mM dNTP&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;Water to 25 ul&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. PCR&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
mix two PCR reactions, add two outer oligo and continue PCR 25 cycles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7. Run PCR product on gel, purify using Qiagen gel extraction kit&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8. Join small fragments with Gibson mix.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
9. Purify assembled product on gel.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
10. Digest with restriction enzyme and clone into a vector.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
11. Verify clone by sequencing (Macrogen, $3.5 per reaction).&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Cloning]] [[Category:Protocols]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Paul.xu</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>